Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1163 Preparation for War ([-])

What did Dashun gain from the conquest and expansion of Ceylon?
From the perspective of commercial capital, it has obtained the monopoly right of cinnamon, the exclusive mining right of Ceylon pearls, and the mining of gemstones in Ratnapura.

From the perspective of the country's war power, it is natural to get more.

Whether it is population or strategic location.

But, in fact, the most important thing, which is not as good as the above, is that Dashun has obtained a large amount of state-owned land.

The Portuguese came here to enforce Catholicism.

A large number of Buddhist populations and high caste populations, in order to escape Catholicism, fled to the mountains, leaving a large number of open spaces.

The intermittent wars that lasted for 200 years destroyed Ceylon's water conservancy facilities, making this country with abundant products and water conservancy facilities and an agricultural economy that has been in Chinese history books since the Han and Jin Dynasties, the agricultural foundation basically collapsed, and agricultural degradation occurred.

The collapse of agriculture and the escape of high castes have left a lot of wasteland.

When the Dutch drove away the Portuguese; when the Ceylons sighed and threw away the ginger and invited the pepper.

The collapse of agriculture and the lack of labor force prompted the Dutch to choose between Tamil slaves and Chinese slave labor.

Because for a long time, this country, which is rich in products in Chinese history books, has been mixed up to the point of importing rice from India and Southeast Asia due to the collapse of water conservancy facilities.

The Dutch’s commercial temperament is too strong and the taste is too positive. They can make places like Malacca and Ceylon rely on imported rice from outside.

When the warships of Dashun defeated the Dutch fleet and the new ruler arrived here, the military nobles of Dashun were very happy because they got a large amount of state-owned land that could be cultivated.

The premise of the land equalization system and the government military system is that either the village communal land ownership system or the state-owned land ownership system dominates.Private ownership of land has no basis for equalization of land, granting of land, and the military system.

Or, to put it more generally: the premise of farming wars is the state-owned system of land, the government-owned system, or at least the collective system of the village community.

Du Feng is the governor of Ceylon, not the governor of Ceylon.Yonago Ming is the Protector of Nanyang, not the Governor of Nanyang.Ceylon, Malacca, Borneo, these places are called military towns, not provinces.

This is not simply the difference between a white horse and a black horse, or a cricket or a cricket.

It is the difference between ownership, land law, household registration law, military service law, and tax law.

Ceylon at this time had about 18 adult Han Chinese.

Among them, about 5 adult Han people, and about 3 households to which they belong—many of them cannot marry Han women, and the next generation is basically underage—the land in their hands has neither land nor land. There is no field bone, and it is state-owned land that is absolutely prohibited from buying and selling.

In terms of household registration, they are closer to the "soldiers" as envisaged by the Yan Li School, but they are not quasi-little nobles like the Liangjiazi in Dashun's old camp. Liangjiazi can be poor, but they have a special big The company and battalion system of the military region also has a special promotion channel. These soldiers in Ceylon do not have it. They can only get false honors, but they cannot get the actual honors and the special internal school selection education system.

It's not that they can't go to school, in fact, Dashun's several major military towns in Nanyang are all based on Liangjiazi's basic battalion system, and there are actually schools inside the battalion.

However, it is like the new learning system in Terengganu Prefecture. From the perspective of knowledge, they can also participate in the Wude Palace exam, but the reality is that they cannot participate because they are not specially defined good family sons-although, it has been a long time Before, this word was just a broad synonym, but it has a special meaning in Dashun.

Intuitively speaking, Dashun's concept of a good family is slightly similar to the Prussian "Feng".

The aristocratic status in the concept of power has nothing to do with whether you have money or not. This is called the feudal hierarchy.It’s just that this kind of hierarchy has been mutated in Dashun to be mixed into the variant Sanshe Law and the strengthening of imperial power. It does not use land and attached population as strength, but is reflected in the emperor’s favor and government and military officials.

In other words, they and Dashun's nearly one million students are the two sides of Dashun's feudal system.Dashun raised nearly a million students and hundreds of thousands of children from good families. This was the foundation of Dashun's reactionary rule.

The feudal privileges of students are the cornerstone of preferential exemption, non-worship when seeing officials, and local governance.

The feudal privileges of a good family are that they can be poor, or they can owe usury to hide their debts everywhere, and they may even be poor and work for others.But in theory, if they study hard, they can theoretically be senior military officers or senior civil servants, but those with practical education in Dengzhou Prefecture, before they are absorbed into the good family system, can at most work as company commanders in the army, or Get out and go to the technical arms of the navy and artillery.

There is no reason, because Dashun is a reactionary feudal regime. He wants to maintain his rule and understand what his armed base and class base are, so he is a very terrible reactionary force.

The great uprising at the end of the Ming Dynasty allowed the peasants to win a very huge united front value in Dashun. The small farmers in North China and the self-cultivating farmers were the basic class of Dashun’s rule.

Confucian scholars in the mid-to-late Ming Dynasty made a fool of themselves, so that the imperial power of Dashun must maintain a basic set of military aristocrats to achieve a balance.

In other words: During the Tang Dynasty, the so-called "Guanlong Group" was too strong, so the imperial examination system was required.

During the Dashun period, the so-called "civilian group" was too strong, so a new batch of so-called "Guanlong group" was established.

The political reactionary nature of Liu Yu’s military reforms, or the power to succeed in his reforms, did not originate from the progressives in Dashun, but actually relied on the power of conservatives or reactionaries—conservatives and reactionaries in political power, Not necessarily technically conservative.

His flintlock era military reform enabled the Liangjiazi and Xungui Group to regain power when they were about to decline.

Because the standard tactics of the flintlock era no longer depend on personal ability to a greater extent.

In other words, the broken battles and enemies around Dashun are far from the level of tactical geniuses like Napoleon and Xiang Yu who need to fight.

A group of middle-aged people can still serve as officers, relying on standardized tactics, artillery advantages, and great size, to achieve excellent results.

An officer from a good family who graduated from Wude Palace and went from company commander to battalion commander, with Dashun's standardized battalion and company tactics and troop training system, he could easily fight efficiently in the Western Regions when faced with the siege of thousands of rebels. The battle damage ratio, even if he follows the rigid formation method of the standard textbook.

Middle and high-level military officers can be monopolized by Dashun's reactionary forces, so Liu Yu's military reform relies on the Dashun's reactionary aristocratic class.

At the same time, because of the textbookization of military books, which replaced the family monopoly of family experience in the past, and Dashun's initial set of internal three-house method that was born out of Wang Anshi, it can also strengthen the imperial power's control over the army.

Liu Yu is an example.The decisive factor in determining Liu Yu's status does not depend on Liu Yu's father being a duke, but on the emperor's personal preference.

Wude Palace has a certain number of external places, but it should be noted that the admission rate and even the difficulty of the questions are different from those of Liangjiazi, which is much lower than the admission rate of the imperial examination, and there is a very strict age limit limit.

This makes the best talents in the real school system still have the ability to "learn literary and martial arts, sell to the emperor's family", and because the selection is too difficult, it is easy for them to enter the staff headquarters of the Privy Council.

Before Liu Yu's reform, it can be said that the aristocratic power in Dashun was already in jeopardy.They are facing a serious problem, that is, according to the probability, their chances of producing top talents are too low, and the population base is there.

After Liu Yu's reform, it can be said that the military aristocratic power in Dashun has been stabilized again.

They don't need to produce top talents, they only need to follow textbooks and standardized tactics, and they can become the mainstream in this "Lading men, picking up drunks in taverns, buying officials with money, finding people traffickers to buy soldiers, cheating on board, and following fathers and sons". In the world of great contention, pull out an army of the current world's excellent level.

Because of Dashun's size and geographical environment, after the military reform, the Dashun court did not need geniuses.

On the contrary, the rebels, rebels, vassal states, and neighboring countries need tactical geniuses such as Napoleon, Huo Qubing, Yue Fei, Xiang Yu, and Hannibal.

Why can Liu Yu's military reform be promoted and get the support of Xungui Group?Because the conservative and reactionary Xungui Group needs to maintain its political status and status, it has to take a step forward in technology.

The end result is that the Xungui Group and the Liangjiazi minor nobles have re-established their political positions.

Did not go to the story of "Dream of Red Mansions", the dilemma of transitioning to farming and studying imperial examinations.

The Xungui Group still relies on blood.

The Liangjiazi Group has essentially turned into a "technical middle class" and quickly slipped ideologically into a "middle class" or petty bourgeoisie—my technology and expertise are the foundation of my life and the embodiment of my dignity or human value. And the rapid "guildization"-the Liangjiazi Group can be regarded as a variant of the "military organization technical guild", and the guild is exclusive.

Just like an excellent weaving and embroidery craftsman, when faced with industrialization, there are two kinds of crying.

One is purely economic crying: one's own career has been destroyed by industrialized production.

One is spiritual crying: one's own value and dignity are reflected through one's own handmade products. When the handmade products disappear, how can one's own value and dignity be manifested, and how can one be a human being?

The power that can destroy this military organization technical guild can only be the power of the industrial age.That is, a brand-new, brand-new organizational technology that crushes the old, industrial age.What to do specifically, there is a book in later generations that happens to be called "What to do?" ".

But obviously, the material foundation of the world at this time is not enough.

Therefore, Dashun's organizational model is still very advantageous in this world where the major "powerful countries" compete to see who is worse, and it is very suitable for Dashun's social environment where everyone strives to be the best.

Since there are quite a lot of people, people who get on the bus will naturally close the door.

Therefore, if we only look at the Ceylon rebels from the perspective of economy and land ownership, they seem to be similar to Liangjiazi.

They are all based on the size of a family, with a thousand households as a discount, or a camp, which is divided into multiple companies, which is actually a large village.

The land is owned by the state and cannot be bought or sold. Each household is granted 50 mu of land, and there is another 20 mu of public land in the village commune. These public lands in the village commune are generally operated as plantations, where coconuts or coffee are grown, and tea is not allowed. Violators will be fined [-] Li, even sit.

Because of the particularity of Ceylon's climate, it is necessary to use a large number of hired labor no matter it is the farming season or the harvesting season.With the development of plantations, Ceylon has a large number of "idlemen" similar to picking cotton in northern Jiangsu, and agricultural production is not a problem.

But the subsequent military system, promotion path, etc., are different.

After the men of the Guiyi Army became adults, they had to prepare some things and participate in military training.The imperial court will be equipped with war horses, muskets, gunpowder, military uniforms, lead bullets, cannons, etc.But such things as dry food bags, delicious snacks, pocket money, etc., you still have to prepare by yourself, and there will be inspections during the military training, such as dry food bags must be standard and sewn by your own old woman.

Captain Zhechong, who was in charge of training them, was sent by the imperial court, not a local.

In fact, they don't need to be transferred at ordinary times. To be precise, they are more like reserve soldiers, reserve conscripts with land as a subsidy.

The imperial court did not pay these people military salaries at all.

Dashun theoretically, there are only four battalions of regular field troops in Ceylon, or regular field troops with silver pay.

An infantry battalion of the Marine Corps, stationed in Gaolangbu.These are standard volunteer soldiers with very long service years.

The three combat engineer battalions belong to the heavy infantry according to the division of light and heavy infantry.

Similar to heavy armor and grenadiers, it is to prevent the situation where Britain and France are in India, and they can't beat a castle for three to five months.

Combat engineers have always been the elite in the southern border area of ​​Dashun, because the form of war is doomed to be: a naval decisive battle, heavy combat engineers seize the fort, and the line soldiers pulled up are going through the motions.

The artillery is basically trained in Malacca, not in Ceylon.

The cavalry is also in Malacca. In fact, there are grasslands in the Nanyang region, and there are quite good grasslands.

The group of people who returned to the rebel army did not receive military pay, but only paid blood tax for their own land.

Just like inside Dashun, Captain Zhechong, who is training troops, only trains troops, not in charge of them, and trains professionally.

That's why Duplex asked Du Feng how many soldiers Dashun had in Ceylon.

The soldier he mentioned refers to a soldier who can fight.

Because in his hands, theoretically, he has [-] to [-] "armies", that is, soldiers of Indian princes, but... it is really hard to say whether they are "soldiers".

As for these rebels, it is more interesting whether they are self-cultivating farmers or small landlords.Storms in the Indian Ocean will bring dozens of days of fine weather in the dry season in February and August, which happens to be the season for rice to mature, coconuts to be picked, and coffee to be picked.

The storm will also subside. Every year, a large number of Tamils ​​come by boat from India to work in these two months.

Cutting rice, transplanting rice seedlings, picking coconuts... Guiyi Army will greet people in the "Yaxing" according to the village communes, or companies, and they will hire a group of Tamils ​​to work.

As for why not use Dashun people, because the boat ticket is expensive.

Most of the Han people who are not returning to the rebel army are contract long-term workers of "labor dispatch companies" and do not work as short-term workers.

The main reason is that the cinnamon and gemstones monopolized by Dashun require that Dashun people must be used, and the law is mandatory, otherwise no one will use Chinese who are more expensive than Tamils.

The plantation is also due to special circumstances - the long-term workers are Chinese, and most of the short-term workers in the picking season are Tamil to save costs.

Of course, Quan Zhe is unlikely to understand these things, and he doesn't know about soldiers, but he just sees this system similar to the government soldiers and military household system, which fits his fantasy of "unity of ancient benevolent emperors, farmers and soldiers".

As for whether these reserve soldiers could fight, he actually didn't understand war, but relying on his beautiful fantasy of the ancient times, he felt that these people would definitely be able to fight.Isn't it the same for ancient Renjun?Isn't the reform envisaged by my teacher somewhat similar to this?

What's more, the beautiful system envisioned by their school is exactly similar to the official land peasant and military system in which land cannot be bought and sold.

However, a thought slowly emerged in Quan Zheshen's mind.

Dashun relied on defeating the Dutch, so it owned a large amount of state-owned land.

A large amount of land in North Korea is occupied by two groups of nobles and royal relatives; it is impossible to learn from Dashun to expand abroad, because the next one is Dashun, the other is Japan, and the only one that can fight is Ryukyu, even if Dashun does not show up It's useless to let it go...so what should I do?
Dashun can expand abroad and solve the problem of insufficient state-owned land. What about North Korea?Vaguely, Quan Zheshen seemed to understand the problem.

(End of this chapter)