Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1158 Many Divergent Roads, Today Is Here ([-])

Du Feng, from a personal point of view, is more like Clive.

Du Feng, the governor of Ceylon, is more like Duplex from the perspective of the national system.

From a personal point of view, Du Feng was thinking about adventure, feudal lordship, fame, and fortune. He wanted to become a family in the top [-] in Dashun from a poor boy in the frontier army by the Heilongjiang River.

From the perspective of the national system, the king of France can make Duplex go away obediently with an edict, and the same is true for Du Feng. A word from the Forbidden City can make him return to Beijing to retire.

Of course, Du Feng doesn't understand the process of history, and he doesn't know whether the excellent diplomatic environment that Dashun has now is due to Liu Yu's scheming, or whether it is due to the hard work of the working people who have created the material conditions of world trade at this time. Reality.

However, he has followed Liu Yu for so long, and he still understands the most basic business, capital, and trade knowledge.

Therefore, Du Feng has more empathy for Duplex, or for the country of France, at least in India, than for the British East India Company.

As for the reason, it's simple.

Compared with the British East India Company, Dashun can only find empathy from the French East India Company for the difficulties faced by the French East India Company in Indian trade.

In short - from a purely commercial point of view, I feel uncomfortable all over!
Before getting a general understanding of the trade issues between Dashun and India, it is necessary to understand some basic data.

India's climate conditions are better than most places in Dashun.

At this time, India has arable land, 2.78 million Birgains. 1 big, equal to two-thirds of an acre, equal to 4 acres.India now has 11 billion acres of arable land.

At this time, the population of India was between 1 million and 3500 million.

The number of acres of cotton planted in India is more than that of Dashun, and the arable land suitable for growing cotton is much more than that of Dashun.

In most parts of India, the yield per mu is higher than that in Northeast China in Dashun, because the Northeast region can only harvest once a year, and North China has just popularized three crops every two years, while in India, two crops a year is the basic practice.

India's handicraft industry is not much worse than the big surplus.

The labor cost in India is about the same as that of Dashun.

Perhaps, because the climate is too balanced, the latitude span is too small, there is not much difference in products, and ethnicity, religion and other issues, compared with Dashun, there is one less domestic market in the era of the Grand Canal, where the north and the south complement each other and have close exchanges and exchanges?

So, is business hard?
uncomfortable.

So uncomfortable.

I feel bad all over.

Dashun can feel the discomfort that the French can feel.

The British East India Company can withstand the huge debuff of [per 100 pounds of oriental cotton cloth, you need to pay a special tax of 68 pounds to sell in the country (there is another 3.5% general common tariff)], and transport at least 75 to the UK every year Pieces of cotton.

The tightness of the French domestic market, coupled with the ginseng trade, made France choose to buy Songjiang cloth directly, so the French East India Company had no way to buy Indian cloth.

What about Dashun?
Dashun is really "a lot of businessmen who want to be compradors but can't".

Dashun merchants bought cotton cloth in India and sold it back to Dashun. They really felt that their parents left too much inheritance and had nowhere to spend their money.

But the problem is that Dashun's cotton cloth cannot enter the Indian market.

It's not that there's nothing to get in, but compared to the huge economic aggregate, the amount of cotton cloth that gets in is still a little less.

Liu Yu, who actually controls Dashun's foreign trade in Dashun, now has a deep understanding of how the British, French and other imperialists faced China before the Second Opium War—the goods cannot be sold!
So, is it okay to use India as the origin of raw materials?
Not at all.

At least, not at this moment.

Or take cotton as an example.

Dashun inherited, or rather snatched away, several cities occupied by the Dutch in India with relatively long names, but they are basically sandwiched between Ceylon and Bangladesh, maybe four or five.

At this time, India had four major cotton producing areas.

The Surat cotton near Mumbai is not within the sphere of influence of Dashun, facing the Arabian Sea.

Madras, renamed Chennai after decolonization, is in the hands of the British, very close to the control area of ​​Dashun.

Bengal.Needless to say.

Bhopal, the place where the pesticide accident occurred later, is in the center of the interior, far away from the sea, and it is in the hands of the Maratha people.

Dashun's Songsu textile industry is based on Mexican long-staple cotton.

In particular, the Nantong Dabu, which has been selling well in Nantong in recent years and has increased the weaving efficiency by four times, must use long-staple cotton as raw material.

Indian cotton has short velvet and is not suitable for this wide and large cloth.In other words, the raw materials of the Songsu Industrial Revolution were based on long-staple cotton in northern Jiangsu. Dashun's current technological level was unable to produce mechanical textiles based on short-staple cotton.

The Songsu textile industry can only use the best cotton in the Bhopal area.

But the Bhopal area is in the center of India, not to mention the inconvenient transportation, and it is impossible to get it.

The fleece of Bangladesh cotton is too short.

Madras velvet, much fucking shorter.

The only best-seller in Dashun is Surat cotton.

Because although the quality of cotton in Surat and Mumbai is not as good as that in Bhopal, it is soft in texture and slightly longer in lint.

It is not suitable for Songsu's large-scale semi-mechanized weaving.

But it is very suitable for the northeastern people in Dashun to make cotton trousers and cotton jackets. They are very good, the texture is very soft, and the warmth retention effect is very good.

India's climate is actually more suitable for growing long-staple cotton than Subei.

But just like China's dilemma in promoting long-staple cotton in history, it is impossible to promote it in India under the small peasant economy.

Under the small-scale peasant economy, what is needed to promote long-staple cotton?
Or, as summarized in the promotion of long-staple cotton in the Beiyang era in history: After a major disaster, the land will be far away, and the government will control the land, reclaim wasteland and farmland to resettle the victims before it can be promoted.

Or, as Liu Yu did in northern Jiangsu, use bayonets, leather whips, sticks, and troops to make the original small producers and farmers feel worse than death, capital enclosure, and improved cotton seeds.

Or, a regime under the control of commercial capital that doesn't care about the life and death of the people is needed, with compulsory promotion and compulsory collection.

Or, it needs a strong organization that can extend the ruling ability to every village. A strong organizational force can make cotton seeds distributed by the province, and administrative officials and cadres can promote them in every village within a month.Those who dare to continue planting short-staple cotton will be leveled directly by the village cadres and not a single one will be left.

Other than that, there is no other way.

Although cruel, it's just reality.

Otherwise, the fine species will soon degenerate, hybridize, mutate, and become shorter.

Dashun can import a lot of Surat cotton from Mumbai every year to balance the rising cotton price caused by cotton trousers in the Northeast.

Let Surat cotton be used as cotton filling for cotton trousers, cotton jackets, and quilts, so as to continue to lower the price of northern Jiangsu cotton as a raw material for weaving, and ensure that every catty of northern Jiangsu long-staple cotton is used as an industrial raw material.

Another reason is that the emperor was very unhappy seeing the trend of growing cotton in North China in the past few years. He was worried that the core basic area of ​​​​the rule would not grow grain and grow cotton, and big things would happen.

But that's about it.

Mumbai and Surat are not within Dashun's sphere of influence at this time, so this is not a big problem.

In business, as long as there is money to be made, there can be business.

As for why Dashun can buy cheap and relatively high-quality cotton raw materials in Surat, why don’t the locals twist the cotton into cotton cloth for sale, or because the local cotton cloth has raised the price of cotton and made it worthless to import?
This... This starts with Dashun's conquest of Japan and the South Seas.

Before Dashun went to Nanyang, the amount of precious metals imported by the Dutch East India Company to India every year was quite amazing.

Before Dashun went to Nanyang and Arai Shiraishi reformed in Japan to restrict the export of precious metals, the Netherlands imported precious metals from Batavia to India and bought Indian precious metals at a maximum of 460 million rupees a year; they were transported from the Persian region to Sula Special, about 600 million rupees.

Added together, it is about Rs 1000 crore.

Although not exact, the approximate conversion ratio is 1 pound = 3 taels of silver = 12 francs or florin = 8 rupees.

400 million taels of silver per year.Britain "sent" silver to India every year, only a little more.Only France is more hip, and the trade volume has always remained at about 100 million francs, which is 30 taels of silver, which is roughly equivalent to the trade volume of a ship full of ginseng and mink from North America to Songjiang Prefecture.

At the peak of the Dutch, about half of the 400 million taels of silver spent each year was used to buy Surat cotton cloth and sell it to Nanyang.

Therefore, it is easy to understand.

After Dashun went to Nanyang, he would not foolishly go to Surat to transport cotton cloth. Naturally, he would transport cotton cloth from Songsu to Nanyang.

The cotton textile supporting industries around Surat are originally export-oriented.

It has been hundreds of years since the Persians went there to trade. Waiting for the Portuguese, the Dutch, and the British to come in droves, it directly formed an export-oriented economy.

After Dashun went to Nanyang, Surat’s cotton cloth industry suddenly lost about 200 million taels of exports every year—or even more than 200 million taels. Dashun also smuggled it to Europe, which squeezed out Surat’s cotton cloth in the European market. market.

What will happen if a region with an all export-oriented cotton cloth industry loses one-third of its export volume within a few years?
Natural famine, uprising, collapse, rebellion, death, chaos.

And, the price of cotton is reduced.

The world trade in the early 18th century, the trade between Asia and Europe, was actually completely different from the conventional impression, and the trade volume was actually not small.

Taking precious metals as an example, before Arai Shiraishi's reform, Batavia's precious metals were mainly obtained from Japan, and in the form of gold, they could get about 120 million francs a year.Even after the reform, one-third of the precious metals can still be obtained.

The Great Shun's invasion of Japan directly led to the financial collapse of the Dutch East India Company. It was because the Dutch East India Company needed to obtain precious metals from Japan, so as to obtain cotton cloth in India, and then transport the cotton cloth to Nanyang for sale.Once Japan's precious metals are missing, it doesn't mean that it is a matter of saving two dollars and saving money, but that a trade chain is directly broken, and there is no substitute for it in a short period of time.

The situation is similar in Surat.

After Dashun went to Nanyang, the Nanyang cotton cloth market that the Dutch helped to "open up" is still there.

However, the cotton cloth on his body is Songsu cotton cloth instead of Surat cloth.

Surat's fragile export-oriented economy can only, or inevitably, provide raw materials, that is, raw cotton, rather than value-added cotton cloth.

To put it simply, those who spun and weaved are dead; those who grew cotton are still alive.

The problem is that although Dashun can buy cotton cloth from Surat, Dashun's cotton cloth cannot be sold in Surat.

Because... Surat's cotton cloth can also be poked into London with a tariff of 68.% + 3.5% totaling 72%... Dashun really can't stand it for the time being.

Does that mean that India is commercially unprofitable?

of course not.

The old horse has taught: when commerce is used as a medium of product exchange between undeveloped communities, commercial profits are manifested as embezzlement and fraud.

Lao Ma also taught: Commercial capital, in its dominant position, represents a system of plunder and plunder everywhere.

You can do it inversely.

The magic of counter-training lies in one mind, and its uses are infinite.

What is the most effective robbery and plunder?
Collect taxes.

It is a compulsory low-price purchase under the taxation, salt tax, and monopoly transactions that do not require water conservancy repairs or disaster relief.

Is there a more effective robbery than taxation without livelihood obligations?It is obviously impossible, otherwise, why would the big Dutch capital buy the tax package right first, and then do business.

(End of this chapter)