Countercurrent 1982

Chapter 133 Waste Liquid Treatment
"How is it? Is it okay?" Xu Fugui asked Duan Yun after leading Duan Yun to look around the cave.

"That's right." Duan Yun nodded in satisfaction, and asked Xu Fugui after a while, "I remember there's a river nearby, right?"

When Duan Yun was young, he often went to the two villages of Majunying and Xintianbao to play. In his impression, there was a river named 'Yuhe' behind the village, and the locals called it 'Shili River'.

In the memory of Duan Yun's predecessor, the river was very wide and the current was very fast. During the rainy season here in Daxing every year, the width of the river can even reach 30 meters, and there are many fish and shrimps in it.

What Duan Yun considers is that if he works here as a workshop, the waste and sewage must also be properly disposed of, especially if the chemicals such as corrosive liquid used in processing circuit boards are not disposed of properly, it is likely to pollute the farmland and even pollute the farmland. It will lead to poisoning of livestock and local people, so these are things he must consider in advance.

In fact, with the current production scale of Duan Yun's small workshop, the waste liquid such as corrosive liquid ferric chloride used up in a day is actually very small, but it accumulates over time, and if the scale of Duan Yun's workshop expands in the later period, if these waste liquids are not handled well , will definitely cause a lot of pollution.

Ferric chloride is used to corrode copper when making printed circuit boards in the electronics industry. During this process, copper is dissolved in the liquid and pollutes the environment with the discharge of waste liquid, which will cause excessive heavy metals in land and rivers.

Duan Yun still knows a little about the treatment of this kind of waste liquid. The easiest way is to dig a sewage pond first, use the sedimentation method to let most of the heavy metals in the liquid settle, and then discharge it after reaching the discharge standard.

Duan Yun will definitely need to process more and more circuit boards in the future, not only for antenna amplifiers, but also for other electrical equipment. If the precipitation method is used, it will obviously be a lot of waste.

So Duan Yun thought of another way to deal with waste liquid, which is to electrolyze and recycle the waste liquid. The specific method is to put two graphite electrode rods into the waste liquid tank. , the anode chlorine gas is generated, and the copper atoms in the waste liquid are continuously precipitated, attached to the graphite rod, and attached to the graphite rod of the negative electrode.

At the same time, Fe+2 gradually becomes Fe+3, the color of the solution gradually returns to brown, and the solution is regenerated and can be used repeatedly.

As for the principle and production of the electrolytic cell equipment, it is also very simple. Duan Yun can find someone to process it from the waste materials in the warehouse at the factory, and other things can also be bought in hardware stores.

However, no matter whether there is a point solution device or not, Duan Yun needs to build a waste sedimentation tank in case of emergency, and the processed waste liquid is best discharged into the river, which is why Duan Yun asked about the nearby river.

"Behind the slope is the Shili River." Xu Fugui pointed to the direction behind the cave.

"Leave me a look."

"Then let's go." Xu Fugui said, leading Duan Yun towards the dirt road leading to the back of the cave.

Going around the soil slope where the cave dwelling is located, Duan Yun saw a long and thin river in front of him.

But the river in front of me is quite different from the river in Duan Yun's childhood memories. A large area of ​​the river has dried up, countless river pebbles are exposed to the sun, the soil is dry and loose, and the river is only two or three meters wide. The tens of meters wide river in my memory has shrunk by more than ten times.

In addition to the narrowing of the river, the river water was extremely filthy, and the sludge beside the water was black, which was obviously polluted.

"How did the river become like this? I remember when I was a child, the river was wide and clean?" Duan Yun frowned.

"How long has it been since you came to this river?"

"After graduating from junior high school, I went to the countryside to jump in the queue, and it will only be a few months after I come back." Duan Yun replied.

"No wonder." Xu Fugui nodded when he heard the words, and said: "A few years ago, a reservoir was built on the upper reaches of the Shili River. Except for the rainy season, there is usually no water flow in this river, and there are more upstreams in the past two years. There are several coal washing plants, where the villagers used to wash clothes, but now they can't do anything..."

When he said this, Xu Fugui showed regret on his face.

Duan Yun was a little surprised when he heard this.

But Duan Yun is thinking about long-term business in this village. Destroying farmland and rivers will have a great impact on the local villagers, so even if they spend a little more money, they must solve the problem of sewage discharge.

"Secretary Xu, I want to build a small sedimentation tank next to the cave, with the outlet connected to the river. Can your village do this?" Duan Yun asked Xu Fugui after pondering for a moment.

"Sedimentation tank?"

"It's just a small cistern, more than two meters wide and one meter deep. It's enough to do some anti-seepage treatment with cement in the pool." Duan Yun made a rough gesture with his hand.

"Ah, it's simple." Xu Fugui suddenly realized, and then said: "It's easy to talk about labor, but the cement is more expensive. A few dozen yuan is enough."

"That's fine, I'll give you 50 yuan, please ask Secretary Xu to help you solve it." Duan Yun said, took out 50 yuan from his pocket and handed it to Xu Fugui.

"It's easy to say, I will arrange people to build this pool later." After Xu Fugui took the money from Duan Yun, he said to Duan Yun with a smile on his face: "That little Duan, do you still need people for your workshop?"

Xu Fugui obviously hoped that Duan Yun could recruit more workers in the village.

"I also want to recruit more people." Duan Yun smiled after hearing the words, and then said: "Secretary Xu, you are also a sensible person who understands national policies. I already have four workers here, plus three from your village. Individuals, exactly seven people, if there is one more, it will violate the national policy of "seven ups and downs"..."

Duan Yun's "up and down" is Marx's thesis in "Das Kapital".

"When the number of employees reaches eight, it is not an ordinary individual economy, but a capitalist economy, which is exploitation."

This is the boundary between "small proprietors" and "capitalists" clearly defined by Marx in Chapter 9 "Rate of Surplus Value and Quantity of Surplus Value" in Chapter 19, "Rate of Surplus Value and Quantity of Surplus Value" in Volume I, Chapter 8 of Capital.According to Marx's calculation, at that time (in the middle of the 8th century), those who employed less than [-] workers and directly participated in the production process like workers were "intermediaries between capitalists and workers," that is, small owners; People start to "occupy workers' surplus value" as capitalists.

At the end of the 70s, self-employed entrepreneurs were opened up, the ban on rural household industries was lifted, and small commodity markets in urban and rural areas were restored—the private economy began to sprout in mainland China.

Then a series of problems arise.Regarding hired workers, the famous "fool melon seeds" problem.According to Marx's theory, the boundary line should be between seven and eight.Seven hired workers can get on the horse, and eight will naturally get off the horse.

(End of this chapter)